Sunday, 20 October 2013

Bone Health

Normal - narrow channels and strong bridges between channels
Osteopaenia - slightly wider channels
Osteoporosis - wide channels

Normal bones are recycling - old out and new in. However in osteoporosis the old still go out, but with fewer new in. By using strengthening exercises physiotherapists can utilise the pull of the insertion to stimulate bone growth and maintain density.
  • Genetic - primarily if patient's mother presented with osteoporosis
  • Post-menopausal - average menopausal age = 51 years
  • Silent - no symptoms until #
  • Vitamin D insufficiency
  • Poor diet (lack of calcium)

3 Ways to Prevent Osteoporosis
  • Medications
    • Calcium and vitamin D daily
  • Diet
    • Calcium is greater in chicken, fish and sardines. Milk, cheese, yoghurt, leafy greens and oily fish
  • Exercises
    • Needs to fit into daily routine
    • Bone loading and resistance
    • Tennis, pilates and hiking are good activities for bone health
    • Spinal exercises
      • Avoid forward flexion and rotation
        • Superman (opposite leg and arm extension in four point kneeling)
        • Dish (prone, lift arms, shoulders and chest off surface)
        • Raise arm above head with weights (elbow flexion --> elbow extension with shoulder extension) - 5-8 reps of 50% max

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